Adjusting Your Set
This is going to be a long post!
We've discussed how brightness and contrast are important to obtaining the correct grey scale behaviour; and how the correct levels of red, green and blue are important to obtaining the correct colour temperature.
The results of our baseline readings show us how far off we are from the ideal, so how do we make changes?
Overview
In summary, the calibration steps are as follows:
1. Disable active backlight control and black stretch to put the display in a normal operating mode; this will make it easier to adjust controls and monitor results.
2. Adjust brightness, contrast, colour and tint using test patterns.
3. Adjust grey-scale tracking across the 10 grey levels (IRE).
4. Once again adjust brightness, contrast, colour and tint using test patterns.
5. Using the CIE diagram tweak the 3D colour matrix to align the primary and secondary colours.
Brightness (Black Level) and Contrast (White Level)
The controls for these are easily accessible from the user menu. They are easy to set correctly using a test pattern such as the ones I mentioned earlier; brightness 44 and contrast 100 seem to work well on the 42X3030D.
Colour Saturation
The optimum setting can be found using a calibration DVD such as AVIA, or a colorimeter. Generally, setting colour to between 38 and 40 works well on the 42X3030D. You can leave tint set to 0.
Grey-scale tracking
The RGB graph we've talked about shows red, green and blue levels, and how they deviate from one another ('delta E') across different grey levels (IRE).
Updated: The only way to correct errors in grey-scale tacking is to, if you're prepared to accept the risk, use the service menu to reign in levels that are wide off the mark.
You'll need to use a colorimeter to be accurate (its possible to use the AVIA DVD to identify errors in the grey scale).
The HCFR software has a very useful feature that will help us make changes relatively safely, it's called 'continuous measures' and it does what it says on the tin. In this mode HCFR will continuously monitor the red, blue and green levels coming from your screen, and display the luminance, colour temperature and importantly 'delta E' in the 'Information' window.
To set this up, enable 'Information measures' from within the View menu. Then in the 'Measures' window click on the green 'play' button. Within a few seconds a 'combined histogram for free measures' will pop up. You can ignore this graph and focus your attention on the 'Information' window.
The trick to calibrating the RGB levels is to make changes and monitor their effect at two grey levels, 30 IRE, and 80 IRE. Select 30% grey / 30 IRE on the HCFR DVD, and look at the readings in the Information window. You'll see the relative balance of red, green and blue as a percentage, also keep an eye on 'delta E' - the smaller this value gets the better, if you can hit 4 or less you're laughing - switch to the 80% grey / 80 IRE and do the same. After you make your changes if you switch back to 30% / 30 IRE you'll see that you've gone out a little. So keep swapping back and forth making changes until you're happy that you've done the best you can.
At this this point there should be very little colour shift from the desired white reference at other luminance levels, so its time to re-calibrate and admire your results. If all goes well you should have a consistent colour temperature close to 6500K across all 10 grey levels, with RGB levels tracking each other and 'delta E' generally below 4. If not rinse and repeat as necessary.
Above: Although the finished result is not perfectly straight, 'delta E' is kept below 4 on average so slight variations are imperceivable to the human eye.
If you're wondering when it's time to call it quits, simply look at the
graphs published by hdtvtest.co.uk, they are professionals and use a much more accurate colorimeter; if you can get anywhere close to them then crack open a bottle of champagne and celebrate with a night in with your favourite movie!
3D Colour Management and Service Menu
Although I've talked about the 3D colour management feature in the user menu, and service menu settings, I haven't gone into much detail. Lets address that.
While it's quite nice of Toshiba to include colour management, its not the sort of thing the average user can configure easily without understanding how hue, saturation and brightness affect colour. It's effects are quite subtle so it can only really be used for fine-tuning specific colours by affecting the colour decoder. The main advantage is that it's accessible via the user menu so you don't need to void your warranty to use it!
You may have heard of the Service Menu; this is hidden away from consumers because indescriminant tweaking can cause damage to your set and it'll almost certainly void your warranty. The main reason why we consider using the service menu is because it contains the master controls that drive red, green and blue colour output. Adjusting these settings by even a small amount has a big impact to the operation of your set.
Disclaimer: I accept no liability for any damage you may do to your set so if you're intent on making service menu changes proceed with caution!
Warning: I recommend you make a note of all settings and their corresponding values before you change them. Finally, remember that the performance of each set varies to some degree and that these controls can have a big impact on your picture even if tweaked slightly, consequently using someone else's settings is more likely to be detrimental than beneficial. I strongly recommend obtaining a colorimeter to monitor the results of such changes. Accessing the Service Menu
If you haven't please read the above disclaimer and warning!
* Turn the TV on.
* Press the {MUTE} button three times on the remote.
* Press the {MUTE} button again on the remote and hold.
* Then press the {MENU} button on the TV's front panel.
* Release both buttons
* There should be a letter "S" on the upper right of the screen.
* Press the {MENU} button on the TV's front panel again.
* Use the {CH+} or {CH-} buttons to select a setting.
* Use the {VOL+} and {VOL-} buttons to adjust the value.
* Turn the set off to exit the Service Menu.
Here are some of the 'useful' settings :
RCUT, GCUT and BCUT are known as the colour cut-offs
RDRV, GDRV and BDRV are known as the colour drives
Many of the remaining settings are not relevant to our calibration needs, and are likely to cause more harm than good should you change them so be careful when tweaking.
Each service menu setting is displayed in three columns: in the first column there is the setting name, the second column contains the setting value in hexadecimal notation, and the third column contains the same value in binary notation. The binary column can be ignored, it is not relevant to the controls that interest us.
The drives manage the luminance levels and as we've discussed these need to be balanced using the 'continuous measures mode'. Each time you increase the value luminance increases, similarly decreasing the value results in a decrease in luminance. In my case, I wanted to decrease blue over-saturation, so I decremented the BDRV until it was brought into balance with the other two colours. Typically, when balancing you leave GDRV untouched so that it acts as a reference level.
The cut-off controls are used to balance the dark end of the grey-scale, while the drive controls balance the bright end of the grey-scale. You use them by balancing colours using the method I described earlier, only at a very low IRE level (< 20% grey / 20 IRE); however I'm not confident in Spyder 2's ability to report accurately at low light levels so I did not modify them.
As before, you adjust the red and blue cut-off controls to balance, leaving the green cut-off control as a reference.