hristoslav2
Established Member
1.History
2.Types
3.Producers
4.How to understand what a matrix is placed in our television
HISTORY
The development of the modern LCD panel dates back much further than the big clunky watch you probably used to wear. In 1888 Friedrich Reinitzer was the first to discover the liquid crystalline nature of cholesterol benzoate, derived from carrots of all things. Reinitzer discovered that at 145 degrees C, the material melted, becoming cloudy. At 170 degrees C the material became clear. He presented his findings to a meeting of the Vienna Chemical Society that same year. Both Otto Lehmann and Charles Mauguin published papers expanding on the work of Reinitzer, in 1904 and 1911 respectively, but liquid crystals largely remained a scientific curiosity for the next 80 years.
The Modern Explosion
In 1962 it was Richard Williams of RCA who noticed that you could achieve some interesting electro-optical effects in liquid crystal by applying electricity to it, describing what is known as “Williams Domain” inside the liquid crystal. In 1964 George Heilmeier, also at RCA, expands upon the work of Williams and manages to turn a clear liquid milky by applying electricity. Heilmeir actually had the foresight to envision that a wall sized full color LCD display was achievable. The first actual active matrix display was T. Peter Brody in 1972. They were initially limited to small displays, like calculators, watches, and other small devices. In fact, it was Tomio Wada at Sharp who, in 1973, developed the first LCD product, a pocket calculator. In 1988 Sharp demonstrated the first active matrix full color full motion LCD panel. In 1991 Sharp's Magohiro Aramoto introduced the first wall hanging television product, the Liquid Crystal Museum. Heilmeier's dream had become a reality.
Several companies began investing in LCD technology in a big way. Sharp has been an industry leader since they first displayed their full color 14” in 1988. Since then other manufacturers, like Samsung, Hannstar, LG, Acer, BenQ, HP, Casio, Sony and Viewsonic (among many, many more!) have entered the fray. Sharp continues to be an industry standard, but Samsung and Sony have also made compelling claim to the title. . Despite being pivotal in the development of LCD technology, RCA was never able to capitalize on their contributions and never made or marketed a product.
LCDs are literally everywhere because they're relatively inexpensive to make and can be used in virtually any application. The big manufacturers, like Samsung, Sharp, Hannstar and many others, have spent hundreds of millions of dollars improving the technology. Today, LCDs can range in size from a fraction of an inch all the way up to the current monster, Sharp's 108” display. The basic active matrix design hasn't changed much since 1972. Like cars and computers, the design has become more refined, more responsive, and better at displaying accurate color.
What began as a curious physical effect in a material derived from a carrot took flight in a hopeful dream of a pioneer. Today's LCD are faster than ever before and capable of reproducing clear, vibrant, life like pictures, improving on everything that's gone before.. There are still limitations to the technology, but the next generation of displays will feature incredibly high resolutions and better image quality. Baby, you've come a long way.
Modern rediscovery
In 1962 Richard Williams of RCA, noticed that could be achieved to some interesting electro-optical effects in liquid crystals by applying electricity to them, describing what is known as "Williams Domain" inside the liquid crystal. In 1964, George Heilmeier, also company-RCA, isledvaniyata expand on his work and Williams managed to obtain a clear milky liquid by applying electricity. Heilmeir actually predicted that is achievable to make large wall full color LCD displays. The first real active matrix display is made of T. Peter Brody year. Initially in 1972 were limited to small displays, such as calculators, watches and other small devices. In fact, it was made by Tomio Wada from Sharp, which in 1973, developed the first LCD display product for a pocket calculator. In 1988, firstly revealed Sharp LCD panel with full-color active matrix. In 1991 Magohiro Aramoto from Sharp presented the first television hanging on the wall with liquid crystals. Finally Heilmeier's dream becomes reality.
Several companies began investing in LCD technology in large scale. Sharp is a leader since they first showed its first color 14 "color display in 1988. Since then, other manufacturers such as Samsung", Hannstar, LG, Acer, BenQ, HP, Casio, Sony and Viewsonic (now very, very more!) enter into a battle for market position. Sharp continues to be industry standard, but Samsung and Sony also make claims against the technology. Although RCA is a leader in the development of LCD technology has never been able to capitalize on their investment research and will never sell your product.
LCDs are literally everywhere, as they are relatively inexpensive, is used in all applications. Large manufacturers such as Samsung, Sharp, Hannstar and many others, spent hundreds of millions of dollars to improve the technology. Today, LCDs can vary in size from a fraction of an inch to the size of monster-Sharp 108 "display. The design of active matrix has not changed much since 1972.
Liquid crystals are organic compounds with long molecules, which in its natural state is characterized by the absence of close and distant arrangement, ie most neighboring molecules are arranged in parallel in length to each other, but generally they are all rather chaotic.
The LCD panel liquid crystals are confined between two parallel transparent plates with very finely striated inner surface. Molecules of liquid crystals follow the orientation of the inner few gullies and since both are striated plates at 90 ° to one another, this leads to a kind of "twisting" of molecules. The path of light rays depends on the arrangement of molecules and passing through the layer of liquid crystal light can change its direction.
Production consists of over 300 individual steps performed in clean rooms, with the highest level of cleanliness - Class 10 "-no more than 10 particles of powder to 1 cubic meter.
1 line matrix sizes - 40 x 30 mm which are cut from 1x15 "display
3.3 line matrix with dimensions -720 x 600 millimeters from a cut 4x15 "display
3.4 line matrix with dimensions -720 x 610 millimeters from a cut 6xXX "display
3.5 line matrix with dimensions -750 x 620 millimeters from a cut 6x14.1 "display
4 line matrix with dimensions -880 x 680 millimeters from a cut 6x15 "display
5 line matrix sizes -1250x1100 millimeters from a cut 6x22"displays
5.1 line matrix sizes -1300x1100 millimeters from a cut 6x26"displays
5.5 line matrix sizes -1500x1300 millimeters from a cut 6x32"displays
6 line matrix sizes -1850x1500 millimeters from a cut 8x32"displays or 6x37''
7.1 line matrix sizes -2200x1870 millimeters from a cut 8x40"displays
7.2 line matrix sizes -2200x1870 millimeters from a cut 6x46"displays
7.5 line matrix sizes -2250x1950 millimeters from a cut 6x47"displays or 8x42''
8 line matrix sizes -2500x2200 millimeters from a cut 6x50 "displays
8.2 line matrix of dimensions 2500x2200 millimeters from a cut 8x46"displays
8.5 line matrix of dimensions 2500x2200 millimeters from a cut 6x52"displays
8.7 line matrix of dimensions 3050x2850 millimeters from a cut 6x60 "display
10 line matrix size 3130 x 2880 mm of which are cut 6x60 "display or 8x50''
end product-LCD video panel
http://wfogcq.bay.livefilestore.com...U-bXaoqu2UXQRFjIWmUkgXiQ/Display Module 2.jpg
TYPE
LCD TFT (Liquid Crystal Display Thin Film Transistor) - LCD displays with thin transistor) liquid crystal substance is shown between two glass plates. Light passes through crystals in accordance with the direction in which their molecules are orientirani. Polarizing filters manage light passing through them. Upon submission of tension, the molecules in the crystal occupy a position in which light -
tion falls on the perpendicular polarizing filter. Tension forces of each liquid crystal pixel to work as a camera aperture - so stop or pass filter incident light on it.
Liquid crystal display (LCD) technology is classified into 3 categories of TN, VA and IPS separated by the method of movement.
Super Twisted Nematic LCs
Super Twisted Nematic LCs
http://lcdtech.no-ip.info/images/lcd.faq.04.jpg
change the picture of TN at different angles vertically. There are well marked lightening look at the picture above and look for a strong darkening below.
Amendment of the picture in horizontal panels in TN
http://www.hdtv.ru/uploads/faq/1213185868_tn.jpg
TN (Twisted Nematic) TFT or TN + Film TFT (Twisted Nematic + Film). The most common type of digital panel is based on technology called TN TFT. The term "layer" (Film) means an additional outer layer that allows to increase the usual viewing angle of 90 (45 from each of the two countries) to 140 degrees which were first put into production, have a simple structure but have a bad viewing angle / small /.
TN-panels are cheap, fast, with poor color reproduction, viewing angle little practice it the most common types of LCD displays on the market. From a historical perspective is the first TN TFT LCD technology officially presented. When they added an additional outer layer through which to achieve a significant increase in horizontal and vertical visual angles. The prevalence of this type displays due to the low cost of production, which is why to this day continue to be produced. In older LCD displays are to notice a serious deficiency in terms of narrow vertical visual angles and inaccurate reproduction of black. Over the years, however, TN TFT technology has evolved rapidly and today, 15 - and 17-inch semi-LCD displays may offer more depth of color in displaying dark shades of gray to black. Another problem with this type of displays occurs whenever the first "dead pixels". The occurrence of dead pixels is quite normal technological process and occurs, if the pixel transistor "die". In TN TFT displays that leads to the emergence of the World "dead" area, which is highly visible to the naked eye.
This type displays are characterized by poor tsvetopodavane, which is not critical in the case of choice for home and office. However, this makes them ineligible for professionals involved in prepress and design activities
B-TN ( "Best TN"): Best TN is the newest technology of Samsung. Argue whether this is the best TN or that of LG Philips.
Super-TFT and IPS (In-Plane Switching)
was developed by Hitachi in 1996 to improve the viewing angle and color reproduction in TN panels. Although color reproduction is improved compared to CRT-th, the dynamic range is a real kind nisak.Edinstveniyat IPS placement of crystals. Molecules of liquid crystals are arranged in a horizontal position in the IPS panels, resulting in better picture, better color reproduktsiyai wider viewing angle.
Most panels have a real 8-bit color per channel. IPS allows increasing the angle of vision to almost 170 degrees, using a more precise method to control the order of liquid crystals, which is the main contribution of this technology. However, contrast ratios remain at the same level as those who are in TN TFT technology, response time and even significant improvements narastnalo.Vapreki contrast ratios remain the same level of those who are in TN TFT technology, response time and pixel is even increased (in the first IPS models up to 50 ms!). The positive side to this method is that "dying" automatically become black pixels as opposed to pure white in TN TFT panels. IPS is a major improvement in cases in which the transistors burn management (and subsequently emerging "dead" pixels). With this technology, after "dying" pixel, instead of irritating the emergence of a bright point on the screen is black and it makes almost no impression on the end user.
http://www.personal.kent.edu/~mgu/LCD/ips.htm
In-Plane Switching
Changes in the image of the IPS in the horizontal angle
http://lcdtech.no-ip.info/images/lcd.faq.05.jpg
The black color of the S-IPS in side view in cross violet
http://www.hdtv.ru/uploads/faq/1213185847_ips.jpg
http://www.ips-alpha.co.jp/en/technology/images/ips03.jpg
http://bbsimg.pcpop.com/UpLoadImages/2009/7/21/0x0/e7aad225-aec1-4bc3-92a4-709aa4cfa482.jpg
e-IPS is basically a more economical S-IPS panel that is cheaper to produce.
Comprehensive List of S-IPS/H-IPS/e-IPS and other IPS Based LCD Monitors
IPSα LCD Panel
IPSα LCD Panel : LCD TV : Flat Panel TV : AV Products : HITACHI
HITACHI : IPS-Pro(Evolving IPS technology)
S-IPS (Super-IPS, Hitachi in 1998)-Technology Developing the IPS technology with namalenono response time of pixels. S-IPS technology is widely used in the panels of a size of 20 and upwards. LG.Philips is one of the two major producers of S-IPS based panels. LG technology developed further, announcing TW-IPS (True Wide - IPS), which In addition to good quality and quick response time was achieved and a significant increase in visual angles S-IPS displays.
Overall, the IPS is designed for professional market segment where quality determines the purchase. Is also known variations in S-IPS (Super IPS) and DD-IPS (Dual Domain IPS), IPS-Pro In-Plane-Switching-Provectus / Provectus - means innovation in Latin /
H-IPS (Horizontal IPS) - used for computer monitors, implemented in late 2006, is an improvement on its predecessor, S-IPS panel.
pros and cons of H-IPS compared to S-IPS:
Pros:
* Less leakage of the backlight.
* No purple color viewing angle
* Less visible backlight leakage angle
* Less noise or glitter seen on the surface of the panels (smooth, smooth)
Cons:
* Still backlight leakage in areas that are green.
* Viewing angle is narrow
http://www.personal.kent.edu/~mgu/pictures/ips.ht1.jpg
AS-IPS (Advanced Super IPS): (Extended Super IPS): is also developed by Hitachi in 2002 and from dorazvitta LG.Philips.Ima podobrenie significant range of contrast to traditional S-IPS panels - second only after the S-PVA panels. Super contrast and response time, wide viewing angles, natural skin tones.
A-TW-IPS -(Advanced True White IPS), was developed by LG.Philips LCD for NEC, is a custom S-IPS panel with one TW (True White) color filter that makes whites appear to be natural and to increase the color gamut. Used in professional photography.
SA-SFT (Super-Advanced Super-Fine TFT): Professional IPS types with slightly modified color filters to improve the reproduction of natural colors. (Extremely expensive, used to monitor for professional photography)
MVA: (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment ) of the previous VA successor technologies.
Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment
E third technology developed by Fujitsu in 1998 as a compromise in both price and in the technical relationship between TN and IPS and is promising in terms of overcoming (at least as things look from a theoretical point of view) of the main drawbacks of LCD panels. In general, its advantages are focused in that it is able to improve the angle of vision (second behind S-IPS technology), good deep black color reproduction, and good depth, and fast response time of pixels through the use of RTC technologies. It carries out these advantages, because it has all the color elements on the panel, they are divided into cells and zones. They are formed by raised parts of the internal structure of the filters. The purpose of this design is to enable the liquid crystal to move in a direction opposite to the neighboring liquid crystals. This also allows the viewer to see the same degree of zasenchenost and quality of color, regardless of the angle of viewing.
Each pixel is divided into four parts, so-called domains, in which the crystal is rotated to a different agli.Bez ispadam in detail I will only say that it is necessary to ensure good viewing angle: svetimosta of each domain is highly dependent on angle of viewing, but chetirirazlichno oriented domains in average give the same brightness regardless of whether they watch the top, side or bottom.
One of the minor problems in the MVA-matrix is the existence of dark yavlyava arrival and departure, raspolozhenna of pixels in place of "stikovka" of neighboring domains - it reduces the overall transparency of the pixels, and that means lower efficiency of LCD-panela, which is so weak, something poryadaka 4% (that is, if all the panel shows the pure white color, it means that it passes through only 4% of the lights emitted from the backlight light).
There are several generations of "next-generation" technologies based on MVA, including those produced by AU Optronics-P-MVA and A-MVA, and well known of Chi Mei Optoelectronics-S-MVA. MVA is currently manufactured at mass matrices.
Amendment of the image horizontally on MVA panels
http://www.hdtv.ru/uploads/faq/1213185893_xva.jpg
PVA: (Patterned-ITO Vertical Alignment), typical Samsung panel. Suffers from the same shortcomings as those of the MVA, but this does smekta is characterized by very good contrast in the visualization of images.
PVA and S-PVA (super patterned vertical alignment) are alternative versions of MVA technology. Developed separately and independently, they offer only peculiarity of MVA, but with greater range of contrast reaching up to 5000:1. By offering cheaper PVA panels use dithering and FRC, PVA and S-PVA offer better black and deep and wide viewing angle. S-PVA also offer less response time of pixels using modern technology CRT
S-PVA: Super Patterned Indium Tin Oxide Vertical Alignment (silly). represents an improvement of PVA technology
S-PVA are already true 8-bit and higher contrast than PVA. S-PVA-have two zones, each of which has four eight-domain domain subpiksel. Corners of the survey are nesimmetrichni, changing the range in look from one side is larger than the other.
C-PVA: Circularly Polarized Vertical Alignments circular polarization / instead of linear /
http://www.cdr.ust.hk/publications/research_pub/2006/SID39_2.pdf
L1383-L1385
ASV-Advanced Super View (ASV - Axially Symmetric Vertical Alignment) ASV is also called CPA. Sharp.Tova was developed by a matrix-type VA-vertcal aligment. ASV LCD TVs using panels provide 170 degrees viewing cone with a range of contrast more than Gholam 10:1, reaction time reaches 15ms.
With the Power LCD molecules depart in all directions, as feyerverki for obespechavane out the best angle of view in all panels. Color screen depends less on the angle of viewing. Image is bright and coloring.
UV²A UltraViolet induced multi-domain Vertical Alignment UV-MVA LCD
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/haikou3.gif
Optical distribution- optical technology
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/newpanel1.jpg
UV ² A - Efficiency flow of light is improved with the elimination of fish slots
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/newpanel2.jpg
UV ² A panel eliminates failure / leak / light fish slots and thus have better black
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/outou.gif
traditional МVA above and UV ² A below
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/kenbi.gif
Micrography was delayed time. left UV²A right is MVA. Look be improved during the initialization-opening and release of new light stream.
MANUFACTURERS OF THE LCD MATRIX
In each segment has its own champions and medium. LCD-TVs - are no exception to the rule. Here present as famous brands, self-dealing with the development and implementation of various tehnologiy and OEM-manufacturers, selling under its own brand devices collected third factory preference Chinese. The two most famous of them-AU Optronics, a company belonging to Acer, and Chi-Mei Optoеlectronics. But this does not mean that their production is uncompetitive. Is rather the opposite. The expense of inferior price in the sales volumes of production of these companies exceeded sales of renowned brands, self-consumed in huge money. To the shortcomings of the OEM televisions can be classified functionally mediocre name terribly inconvenient for menu navigation settings in their disgusting Ergonomics Doo and other weaknesses. But the price, as is known, for the majority of Еuropeans - is the main criterion. Quality characteristics in television are at higher than average, and matrices are the same. Production of famous brands, as laid, are characterized by excellent equipped, there are various systems for noise reduction and improving functional characteristics of the picture. In a word - branding interest offset any shortcomings in the OEM-production, but the price of their facilities is remarkably higher. What to choose? Deciding. I will only enumerate the current market leaders. Top positions in global ratings of loan production companies Philips, Samsung and Sharp. These companies are engaged in developing not only the chassis, but also of the matrices. For example, Philips was until recently an apologist for S-IPS, but under pressure from market trends to switch to cheaper cheaper matrices xVA / but there are still models with S-IPS / now and in towards the ASV. Industrial Korean giant Samsung, in turn, is the developer of a variety of displays Owned - PVA (also kind of xVA). In full measure the same goes for Sharp, moisture giant funds in developing their own ASV-matrices and construction of plants for their production. Accordingly, the television producer of these three are the most expensive. Opravdanno you are expensive? On my sight completely. Quality must be paid, and Poker cheese, as is known, has only mishelovkata, and only the second mouse.
Further in the list are companies such as Sony, LG, Toshiba and Panasonic. they put TVs in every way to the first three companies, but no laurels of parvoprohodtsi and innovators. So if your family budget allows, you better choose LCD-TV from the above listed producers. If not - then select the OEM. What? On my view, this is not so important. The main thing is, before the purchase to appreciate the ergonomics of the console of the remote control and menu quality localization apparata and, of course, be sure to be interested to guarantee obligations of the manufacturer.
IPS Alpha Tehnology,Ltd -Joint Undertaking Hitachi Ltd и Matsushita-made IPSAlpha & IPS-Pro
IPS Alpha Technology, Ltd.
IPS Alpha Technology, Ltd. : Products
Hitachi Display produce - IPS-Pro In-Plane-Switching-Provectus/Provectus - means innovation in Latin /matrices
HITACHI : IPS-Pro(Evolving IPS technology)
http://www.msc-ge.com/en/3592-www/v...Data/data/viii-1_2009-fd-4347.pdf?language=de
Samsung-S-LCD produce S-PVA & PVA matrices
SAMSUNG's Digital World
SAMSUNG's Digital World
http://www.samsung.com/global/business/lcdpanel/downloads/2007_Jan_product.pdf
SAMSUNG's Digital World
произвеждат основно S-PVA поставят ги в SONY,SAMSUNG,TCL
http://www.action.com.tw/tech/lcd/samsung-tech.doc
Chimei Innolux Corporation produce TN , LCS MVA , SMVA matrices
http://www.msc-ge.com/en/3692-www/version/default/part/AttachmentData/data/ebrochure_2009Q2.pdf
http://www.chimei-innolux.com/opencms/cmo/media_center/News/index.html?__locale=en&news_no=0
http://www.chilintech.com.tw/profile_en.htm
http://www.chilindisplay.com/
CHUANGHWA PICTURE TUBES Ltd produce S-IPS matrices
CHUNGHWA PICTURE TUBES, LTD. - Spot Light
CHUNGHWA PICTURE TUBES, LTD. - TFT
HannStar produce S-IPS matrices
HannStar Display Corporation
Hydis
HYDIS
InfoVision Optoelectronics(Kunshan) Co. Ltd.
http://www.ivo.com.cn/ROOTE/pages/service/weizhi.jsp
InnoLux
¸s³Ð¥ú¹q
Sharp
http://www.sharpsme.com/Page.aspx/e...b9f0-46e3359750f7/25_-_65_inch_/_64_-_165_cm/
Liquid crystal display technology | Liquid crystal technologies | Kameyama Manufacturing | Kameyama | SHARP
Sharp: TV Panels
Index: SHARP Electronic Components
Sharp Information Display Products join forces with RGB Communications
CPA (Continuous Pinwheel Alignment)
SVA-NEC Liquid Crystal Display Co. Ltd
SVA-NEC
http://www.msc-ge.com/en/3314-www/version/default/part/AttachmentData/data/LCD_NEWS_vol13.pdf
Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co
Toshiba Mobile Display
AU Optronics (AUO)- Acer Unipac Optronics
Welcome to AUO Online
produced P-MVA и A-MVA -(Advanced MVA)
AUO Online: Products
LG DISPLAY produce S-IPS , H-IPS and е-IPS matrices
Welcome to LG Display
WXN - W widescreen, X-HD, N- 60Hz
WUN - W widescreen, U-Full HD , N- 60Hz
WUD - W widescreen, U-Full HD , D-120Hz/240Hz
WUL - W widescreen, U-Full HD , L-led baclight
Fujitsu AVIAMOâ„¢ (Full HD) - FUJITSU GENERAL
MVA -
AMPIRE CO.LTD.
AMPIRE ´¹ªö¥ú¹q
Chi Hsin Electronics Corp
http://www.chihsin.com/en/product/mobile.asp
Here are what sells to whom
http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/HONSHI/20061117/123944/hitachi.jpg
http://www.themolehole.eclipse.co.uk/panelshare.jpg
2.Types
3.Producers
4.How to understand what a matrix is placed in our television
HISTORY
The development of the modern LCD panel dates back much further than the big clunky watch you probably used to wear. In 1888 Friedrich Reinitzer was the first to discover the liquid crystalline nature of cholesterol benzoate, derived from carrots of all things. Reinitzer discovered that at 145 degrees C, the material melted, becoming cloudy. At 170 degrees C the material became clear. He presented his findings to a meeting of the Vienna Chemical Society that same year. Both Otto Lehmann and Charles Mauguin published papers expanding on the work of Reinitzer, in 1904 and 1911 respectively, but liquid crystals largely remained a scientific curiosity for the next 80 years.
The Modern Explosion
In 1962 it was Richard Williams of RCA who noticed that you could achieve some interesting electro-optical effects in liquid crystal by applying electricity to it, describing what is known as “Williams Domain” inside the liquid crystal. In 1964 George Heilmeier, also at RCA, expands upon the work of Williams and manages to turn a clear liquid milky by applying electricity. Heilmeir actually had the foresight to envision that a wall sized full color LCD display was achievable. The first actual active matrix display was T. Peter Brody in 1972. They were initially limited to small displays, like calculators, watches, and other small devices. In fact, it was Tomio Wada at Sharp who, in 1973, developed the first LCD product, a pocket calculator. In 1988 Sharp demonstrated the first active matrix full color full motion LCD panel. In 1991 Sharp's Magohiro Aramoto introduced the first wall hanging television product, the Liquid Crystal Museum. Heilmeier's dream had become a reality.
Several companies began investing in LCD technology in a big way. Sharp has been an industry leader since they first displayed their full color 14” in 1988. Since then other manufacturers, like Samsung, Hannstar, LG, Acer, BenQ, HP, Casio, Sony and Viewsonic (among many, many more!) have entered the fray. Sharp continues to be an industry standard, but Samsung and Sony have also made compelling claim to the title. . Despite being pivotal in the development of LCD technology, RCA was never able to capitalize on their contributions and never made or marketed a product.
LCDs are literally everywhere because they're relatively inexpensive to make and can be used in virtually any application. The big manufacturers, like Samsung, Sharp, Hannstar and many others, have spent hundreds of millions of dollars improving the technology. Today, LCDs can range in size from a fraction of an inch all the way up to the current monster, Sharp's 108” display. The basic active matrix design hasn't changed much since 1972. Like cars and computers, the design has become more refined, more responsive, and better at displaying accurate color.
What began as a curious physical effect in a material derived from a carrot took flight in a hopeful dream of a pioneer. Today's LCD are faster than ever before and capable of reproducing clear, vibrant, life like pictures, improving on everything that's gone before.. There are still limitations to the technology, but the next generation of displays will feature incredibly high resolutions and better image quality. Baby, you've come a long way.
Modern rediscovery
In 1962 Richard Williams of RCA, noticed that could be achieved to some interesting electro-optical effects in liquid crystals by applying electricity to them, describing what is known as "Williams Domain" inside the liquid crystal. In 1964, George Heilmeier, also company-RCA, isledvaniyata expand on his work and Williams managed to obtain a clear milky liquid by applying electricity. Heilmeir actually predicted that is achievable to make large wall full color LCD displays. The first real active matrix display is made of T. Peter Brody year. Initially in 1972 were limited to small displays, such as calculators, watches and other small devices. In fact, it was made by Tomio Wada from Sharp, which in 1973, developed the first LCD display product for a pocket calculator. In 1988, firstly revealed Sharp LCD panel with full-color active matrix. In 1991 Magohiro Aramoto from Sharp presented the first television hanging on the wall with liquid crystals. Finally Heilmeier's dream becomes reality.
Several companies began investing in LCD technology in large scale. Sharp is a leader since they first showed its first color 14 "color display in 1988. Since then, other manufacturers such as Samsung", Hannstar, LG, Acer, BenQ, HP, Casio, Sony and Viewsonic (now very, very more!) enter into a battle for market position. Sharp continues to be industry standard, but Samsung and Sony also make claims against the technology. Although RCA is a leader in the development of LCD technology has never been able to capitalize on their investment research and will never sell your product.
LCDs are literally everywhere, as they are relatively inexpensive, is used in all applications. Large manufacturers such as Samsung, Sharp, Hannstar and many others, spent hundreds of millions of dollars to improve the technology. Today, LCDs can vary in size from a fraction of an inch to the size of monster-Sharp 108 "display. The design of active matrix has not changed much since 1972.
Liquid crystals are organic compounds with long molecules, which in its natural state is characterized by the absence of close and distant arrangement, ie most neighboring molecules are arranged in parallel in length to each other, but generally they are all rather chaotic.
The LCD panel liquid crystals are confined between two parallel transparent plates with very finely striated inner surface. Molecules of liquid crystals follow the orientation of the inner few gullies and since both are striated plates at 90 ° to one another, this leads to a kind of "twisting" of molecules. The path of light rays depends on the arrangement of molecules and passing through the layer of liquid crystal light can change its direction.
Production consists of over 300 individual steps performed in clean rooms, with the highest level of cleanliness - Class 10 "-no more than 10 particles of powder to 1 cubic meter.
1 line matrix sizes - 40 x 30 mm which are cut from 1x15 "display
3.3 line matrix with dimensions -720 x 600 millimeters from a cut 4x15 "display
3.4 line matrix with dimensions -720 x 610 millimeters from a cut 6xXX "display
3.5 line matrix with dimensions -750 x 620 millimeters from a cut 6x14.1 "display
4 line matrix with dimensions -880 x 680 millimeters from a cut 6x15 "display
5 line matrix sizes -1250x1100 millimeters from a cut 6x22"displays
5.1 line matrix sizes -1300x1100 millimeters from a cut 6x26"displays
5.5 line matrix sizes -1500x1300 millimeters from a cut 6x32"displays
6 line matrix sizes -1850x1500 millimeters from a cut 8x32"displays or 6x37''
7.1 line matrix sizes -2200x1870 millimeters from a cut 8x40"displays
7.2 line matrix sizes -2200x1870 millimeters from a cut 6x46"displays
7.5 line matrix sizes -2250x1950 millimeters from a cut 6x47"displays or 8x42''
8 line matrix sizes -2500x2200 millimeters from a cut 6x50 "displays
8.2 line matrix of dimensions 2500x2200 millimeters from a cut 8x46"displays
8.5 line matrix of dimensions 2500x2200 millimeters from a cut 6x52"displays
8.7 line matrix of dimensions 3050x2850 millimeters from a cut 6x60 "display
10 line matrix size 3130 x 2880 mm of which are cut 6x60 "display or 8x50''
end product-LCD video panel
http://wfogcq.bay.livefilestore.com...U-bXaoqu2UXQRFjIWmUkgXiQ/Display Module 2.jpg
TYPE
LCD TFT (Liquid Crystal Display Thin Film Transistor) - LCD displays with thin transistor) liquid crystal substance is shown between two glass plates. Light passes through crystals in accordance with the direction in which their molecules are orientirani. Polarizing filters manage light passing through them. Upon submission of tension, the molecules in the crystal occupy a position in which light -
tion falls on the perpendicular polarizing filter. Tension forces of each liquid crystal pixel to work as a camera aperture - so stop or pass filter incident light on it.
Liquid crystal display (LCD) technology is classified into 3 categories of TN, VA and IPS separated by the method of movement.
Super Twisted Nematic LCs
Super Twisted Nematic LCs
http://lcdtech.no-ip.info/images/lcd.faq.04.jpg
change the picture of TN at different angles vertically. There are well marked lightening look at the picture above and look for a strong darkening below.
Amendment of the picture in horizontal panels in TN
http://www.hdtv.ru/uploads/faq/1213185868_tn.jpg
TN (Twisted Nematic) TFT or TN + Film TFT (Twisted Nematic + Film). The most common type of digital panel is based on technology called TN TFT. The term "layer" (Film) means an additional outer layer that allows to increase the usual viewing angle of 90 (45 from each of the two countries) to 140 degrees which were first put into production, have a simple structure but have a bad viewing angle / small /.
TN-panels are cheap, fast, with poor color reproduction, viewing angle little practice it the most common types of LCD displays on the market. From a historical perspective is the first TN TFT LCD technology officially presented. When they added an additional outer layer through which to achieve a significant increase in horizontal and vertical visual angles. The prevalence of this type displays due to the low cost of production, which is why to this day continue to be produced. In older LCD displays are to notice a serious deficiency in terms of narrow vertical visual angles and inaccurate reproduction of black. Over the years, however, TN TFT technology has evolved rapidly and today, 15 - and 17-inch semi-LCD displays may offer more depth of color in displaying dark shades of gray to black. Another problem with this type of displays occurs whenever the first "dead pixels". The occurrence of dead pixels is quite normal technological process and occurs, if the pixel transistor "die". In TN TFT displays that leads to the emergence of the World "dead" area, which is highly visible to the naked eye.
This type displays are characterized by poor tsvetopodavane, which is not critical in the case of choice for home and office. However, this makes them ineligible for professionals involved in prepress and design activities
B-TN ( "Best TN"): Best TN is the newest technology of Samsung. Argue whether this is the best TN or that of LG Philips.
Super-TFT and IPS (In-Plane Switching)
was developed by Hitachi in 1996 to improve the viewing angle and color reproduction in TN panels. Although color reproduction is improved compared to CRT-th, the dynamic range is a real kind nisak.Edinstveniyat IPS placement of crystals. Molecules of liquid crystals are arranged in a horizontal position in the IPS panels, resulting in better picture, better color reproduktsiyai wider viewing angle.
Most panels have a real 8-bit color per channel. IPS allows increasing the angle of vision to almost 170 degrees, using a more precise method to control the order of liquid crystals, which is the main contribution of this technology. However, contrast ratios remain at the same level as those who are in TN TFT technology, response time and even significant improvements narastnalo.Vapreki contrast ratios remain the same level of those who are in TN TFT technology, response time and pixel is even increased (in the first IPS models up to 50 ms!). The positive side to this method is that "dying" automatically become black pixels as opposed to pure white in TN TFT panels. IPS is a major improvement in cases in which the transistors burn management (and subsequently emerging "dead" pixels). With this technology, after "dying" pixel, instead of irritating the emergence of a bright point on the screen is black and it makes almost no impression on the end user.
http://www.personal.kent.edu/~mgu/LCD/ips.htm
In-Plane Switching
Changes in the image of the IPS in the horizontal angle
http://lcdtech.no-ip.info/images/lcd.faq.05.jpg
The black color of the S-IPS in side view in cross violet
http://www.hdtv.ru/uploads/faq/1213185847_ips.jpg
http://www.ips-alpha.co.jp/en/technology/images/ips03.jpg
http://bbsimg.pcpop.com/UpLoadImages/2009/7/21/0x0/e7aad225-aec1-4bc3-92a4-709aa4cfa482.jpg
e-IPS is basically a more economical S-IPS panel that is cheaper to produce.
Comprehensive List of S-IPS/H-IPS/e-IPS and other IPS Based LCD Monitors
IPSα LCD Panel
IPSα LCD Panel : LCD TV : Flat Panel TV : AV Products : HITACHI
HITACHI : IPS-Pro(Evolving IPS technology)
S-IPS (Super-IPS, Hitachi in 1998)-Technology Developing the IPS technology with namalenono response time of pixels. S-IPS technology is widely used in the panels of a size of 20 and upwards. LG.Philips is one of the two major producers of S-IPS based panels. LG technology developed further, announcing TW-IPS (True Wide - IPS), which In addition to good quality and quick response time was achieved and a significant increase in visual angles S-IPS displays.
Overall, the IPS is designed for professional market segment where quality determines the purchase. Is also known variations in S-IPS (Super IPS) and DD-IPS (Dual Domain IPS), IPS-Pro In-Plane-Switching-Provectus / Provectus - means innovation in Latin /
H-IPS (Horizontal IPS) - used for computer monitors, implemented in late 2006, is an improvement on its predecessor, S-IPS panel.
pros and cons of H-IPS compared to S-IPS:
Pros:
* Less leakage of the backlight.
* No purple color viewing angle
* Less visible backlight leakage angle
* Less noise or glitter seen on the surface of the panels (smooth, smooth)
Cons:
* Still backlight leakage in areas that are green.
* Viewing angle is narrow
http://www.personal.kent.edu/~mgu/pictures/ips.ht1.jpg
AS-IPS (Advanced Super IPS): (Extended Super IPS): is also developed by Hitachi in 2002 and from dorazvitta LG.Philips.Ima podobrenie significant range of contrast to traditional S-IPS panels - second only after the S-PVA panels. Super contrast and response time, wide viewing angles, natural skin tones.
A-TW-IPS -(Advanced True White IPS), was developed by LG.Philips LCD for NEC, is a custom S-IPS panel with one TW (True White) color filter that makes whites appear to be natural and to increase the color gamut. Used in professional photography.
SA-SFT (Super-Advanced Super-Fine TFT): Professional IPS types with slightly modified color filters to improve the reproduction of natural colors. (Extremely expensive, used to monitor for professional photography)
MVA: (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment ) of the previous VA successor technologies.
Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment
E third technology developed by Fujitsu in 1998 as a compromise in both price and in the technical relationship between TN and IPS and is promising in terms of overcoming (at least as things look from a theoretical point of view) of the main drawbacks of LCD panels. In general, its advantages are focused in that it is able to improve the angle of vision (second behind S-IPS technology), good deep black color reproduction, and good depth, and fast response time of pixels through the use of RTC technologies. It carries out these advantages, because it has all the color elements on the panel, they are divided into cells and zones. They are formed by raised parts of the internal structure of the filters. The purpose of this design is to enable the liquid crystal to move in a direction opposite to the neighboring liquid crystals. This also allows the viewer to see the same degree of zasenchenost and quality of color, regardless of the angle of viewing.
Each pixel is divided into four parts, so-called domains, in which the crystal is rotated to a different agli.Bez ispadam in detail I will only say that it is necessary to ensure good viewing angle: svetimosta of each domain is highly dependent on angle of viewing, but chetirirazlichno oriented domains in average give the same brightness regardless of whether they watch the top, side or bottom.
One of the minor problems in the MVA-matrix is the existence of dark yavlyava arrival and departure, raspolozhenna of pixels in place of "stikovka" of neighboring domains - it reduces the overall transparency of the pixels, and that means lower efficiency of LCD-panela, which is so weak, something poryadaka 4% (that is, if all the panel shows the pure white color, it means that it passes through only 4% of the lights emitted from the backlight light).
There are several generations of "next-generation" technologies based on MVA, including those produced by AU Optronics-P-MVA and A-MVA, and well known of Chi Mei Optoelectronics-S-MVA. MVA is currently manufactured at mass matrices.
Amendment of the image horizontally on MVA panels
http://www.hdtv.ru/uploads/faq/1213185893_xva.jpg
PVA: (Patterned-ITO Vertical Alignment), typical Samsung panel. Suffers from the same shortcomings as those of the MVA, but this does smekta is characterized by very good contrast in the visualization of images.
PVA and S-PVA (super patterned vertical alignment) are alternative versions of MVA technology. Developed separately and independently, they offer only peculiarity of MVA, but with greater range of contrast reaching up to 5000:1. By offering cheaper PVA panels use dithering and FRC, PVA and S-PVA offer better black and deep and wide viewing angle. S-PVA also offer less response time of pixels using modern technology CRT
S-PVA: Super Patterned Indium Tin Oxide Vertical Alignment (silly). represents an improvement of PVA technology
S-PVA are already true 8-bit and higher contrast than PVA. S-PVA-have two zones, each of which has four eight-domain domain subpiksel. Corners of the survey are nesimmetrichni, changing the range in look from one side is larger than the other.
C-PVA: Circularly Polarized Vertical Alignments circular polarization / instead of linear /
http://www.cdr.ust.hk/publications/research_pub/2006/SID39_2.pdf
L1383-L1385
ASV-Advanced Super View (ASV - Axially Symmetric Vertical Alignment) ASV is also called CPA. Sharp.Tova was developed by a matrix-type VA-vertcal aligment. ASV LCD TVs using panels provide 170 degrees viewing cone with a range of contrast more than Gholam 10:1, reaction time reaches 15ms.
With the Power LCD molecules depart in all directions, as feyerverki for obespechavane out the best angle of view in all panels. Color screen depends less on the angle of viewing. Image is bright and coloring.
UV²A UltraViolet induced multi-domain Vertical Alignment UV-MVA LCD
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/haikou3.gif
Optical distribution- optical technology
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/newpanel1.jpg
UV ² A - Efficiency flow of light is improved with the elimination of fish slots
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/newpanel2.jpg
UV ² A panel eliminates failure / leak / light fish slots and thus have better black
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/outou.gif
traditional МVA above and UV ² A below
http://ad.impress.co.jp/special/aquos1003/images/kenbi.gif
Micrography was delayed time. left UV²A right is MVA. Look be improved during the initialization-opening and release of new light stream.
MANUFACTURERS OF THE LCD MATRIX
In each segment has its own champions and medium. LCD-TVs - are no exception to the rule. Here present as famous brands, self-dealing with the development and implementation of various tehnologiy and OEM-manufacturers, selling under its own brand devices collected third factory preference Chinese. The two most famous of them-AU Optronics, a company belonging to Acer, and Chi-Mei Optoеlectronics. But this does not mean that their production is uncompetitive. Is rather the opposite. The expense of inferior price in the sales volumes of production of these companies exceeded sales of renowned brands, self-consumed in huge money. To the shortcomings of the OEM televisions can be classified functionally mediocre name terribly inconvenient for menu navigation settings in their disgusting Ergonomics Doo and other weaknesses. But the price, as is known, for the majority of Еuropeans - is the main criterion. Quality characteristics in television are at higher than average, and matrices are the same. Production of famous brands, as laid, are characterized by excellent equipped, there are various systems for noise reduction and improving functional characteristics of the picture. In a word - branding interest offset any shortcomings in the OEM-production, but the price of their facilities is remarkably higher. What to choose? Deciding. I will only enumerate the current market leaders. Top positions in global ratings of loan production companies Philips, Samsung and Sharp. These companies are engaged in developing not only the chassis, but also of the matrices. For example, Philips was until recently an apologist for S-IPS, but under pressure from market trends to switch to cheaper cheaper matrices xVA / but there are still models with S-IPS / now and in towards the ASV. Industrial Korean giant Samsung, in turn, is the developer of a variety of displays Owned - PVA (also kind of xVA). In full measure the same goes for Sharp, moisture giant funds in developing their own ASV-matrices and construction of plants for their production. Accordingly, the television producer of these three are the most expensive. Opravdanno you are expensive? On my sight completely. Quality must be paid, and Poker cheese, as is known, has only mishelovkata, and only the second mouse.
Further in the list are companies such as Sony, LG, Toshiba and Panasonic. they put TVs in every way to the first three companies, but no laurels of parvoprohodtsi and innovators. So if your family budget allows, you better choose LCD-TV from the above listed producers. If not - then select the OEM. What? On my view, this is not so important. The main thing is, before the purchase to appreciate the ergonomics of the console of the remote control and menu quality localization apparata and, of course, be sure to be interested to guarantee obligations of the manufacturer.
IPS Alpha Tehnology,Ltd -Joint Undertaking Hitachi Ltd и Matsushita-made IPSAlpha & IPS-Pro
IPS Alpha Technology, Ltd.
IPS Alpha Technology, Ltd. : Products
Hitachi Display produce - IPS-Pro In-Plane-Switching-Provectus/Provectus - means innovation in Latin /matrices
HITACHI : IPS-Pro(Evolving IPS technology)
http://www.msc-ge.com/en/3592-www/v...Data/data/viii-1_2009-fd-4347.pdf?language=de
Samsung-S-LCD produce S-PVA & PVA matrices
SAMSUNG's Digital World
SAMSUNG's Digital World
http://www.samsung.com/global/business/lcdpanel/downloads/2007_Jan_product.pdf
SAMSUNG's Digital World
произвеждат основно S-PVA поставят ги в SONY,SAMSUNG,TCL
http://www.action.com.tw/tech/lcd/samsung-tech.doc
Chimei Innolux Corporation produce TN , LCS MVA , SMVA matrices
http://www.msc-ge.com/en/3692-www/version/default/part/AttachmentData/data/ebrochure_2009Q2.pdf
http://www.chimei-innolux.com/opencms/cmo/media_center/News/index.html?__locale=en&news_no=0
http://www.chilintech.com.tw/profile_en.htm
http://www.chilindisplay.com/
CHUANGHWA PICTURE TUBES Ltd produce S-IPS matrices
CHUNGHWA PICTURE TUBES, LTD. - Spot Light
CHUNGHWA PICTURE TUBES, LTD. - TFT
HannStar produce S-IPS matrices
HannStar Display Corporation
Hydis
HYDIS
InfoVision Optoelectronics(Kunshan) Co. Ltd.
http://www.ivo.com.cn/ROOTE/pages/service/weizhi.jsp
InnoLux
¸s³Ð¥ú¹q
Sharp
http://www.sharpsme.com/Page.aspx/e...b9f0-46e3359750f7/25_-_65_inch_/_64_-_165_cm/
Liquid crystal display technology | Liquid crystal technologies | Kameyama Manufacturing | Kameyama | SHARP
Sharp: TV Panels
Index: SHARP Electronic Components
Sharp Information Display Products join forces with RGB Communications
CPA (Continuous Pinwheel Alignment)
SVA-NEC Liquid Crystal Display Co. Ltd
SVA-NEC
http://www.msc-ge.com/en/3314-www/version/default/part/AttachmentData/data/LCD_NEWS_vol13.pdf
Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co
Toshiba Mobile Display
AU Optronics (AUO)- Acer Unipac Optronics
Welcome to AUO Online
produced P-MVA и A-MVA -(Advanced MVA)
AUO Online: Products
LG DISPLAY produce S-IPS , H-IPS and е-IPS matrices
Welcome to LG Display
WXN - W widescreen, X-HD, N- 60Hz
WUN - W widescreen, U-Full HD , N- 60Hz
WUD - W widescreen, U-Full HD , D-120Hz/240Hz
WUL - W widescreen, U-Full HD , L-led baclight
Fujitsu AVIAMOâ„¢ (Full HD) - FUJITSU GENERAL
MVA -
AMPIRE CO.LTD.
AMPIRE ´¹ªö¥ú¹q
Chi Hsin Electronics Corp
http://www.chihsin.com/en/product/mobile.asp
Here are what sells to whom
http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/HONSHI/20061117/123944/hitachi.jpg
http://www.themolehole.eclipse.co.uk/panelshare.jpg
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